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KMID : 1161020210030020047
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Korea Journal of Geriatric Occupational Therapy
2021 Volume.3 No. 2 p.47 ~ p.60
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Social Exclusion and Cognitive Function in Community Dwelling Older Adults: The Mediating Role of Cognitive Reserve
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Jung Jae-Yeon
Park Sang-Mi
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Abstract
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Objective : Cumulative inequality in older adults can lead to cognitive decline. However, cognitive reserve, which is developed and affected by individual sociocultural experience, can be a protective factor for cognitive function in older adults. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between social exclusion and cognitive function among older adults and explore the mediating effect of cognitive reserve.
Methods : This study was a secondary data analysis using the 7th wave data and a special investigation of work history data from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging. We applied the path analysis using R lavaan package to examine the direct effect of social exclusion on cognitive function and the mediation effect of cognitive reserve.
Results : Data of 4,122 older adults were used for the analysis. The mean age of the participants was 76.01 years (SD=7.36). We found that social exclusion had a direct effect on cognitive function (B=-.421, p<.001) and a partial mediation effect of cognitive reserve (B=-.006, p<.01).
Conclusion : Intervention policies to improve social equality in older adults experiencing social exclusion are necessary to protect their cognitive function. Preventive approaches for enhancing cognitive reserve by participating in leisure activities are recommended.
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KEYWORD
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Brain plasticity, Case management, Dementia, Preventative approaches, Social inequality
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